Hospice Knowledge Center

What is the hospice aggregate cap?

The Medicare hospice aggregate cap is one of two annual caps that limit Medicare hospice payments. Long-length-of-stay hospices and those with high-utilization patient mixes are most at risk of exceeding the aggregate cap.

By Goodwin Hospice Academy Editorial Team· Published February 16, 2026·Last reviewed February 16, 2026· 5 min read

Aggregate cap, in one sentence

The aggregate cap equals the annual per-beneficiary cap amount multiplied by the (weighted) number of Medicare hospice beneficiaries the hospice served in the cap year. Payments above that ceiling are subject to repayment.

The per-beneficiary cap amount

CMS sets the per-beneficiary cap amount annually, indexed to a percentage of the hospice payment update. The amount is published in the Federal Register hospice wage-index final rule each year.

How the weighted beneficiary count works

When a beneficiary is served by more than one hospice in a cap year, each hospice claims a fractional share of that beneficiary equal to the proportion of hospice days provided. This is the "weighted" or "proportional" count.

How to prevent an over-cap year

Track your cap position monthly (see our free Aggregate Cap Modeler). Balance short-length-of-stay admissions with your long-length-of-stay patients. Investigate any single-hospice patient counts that trend materially below prior years. Discuss cap position with leadership every quarter, not just at year-end.

Frequently asked questions

What happens if we exceed the aggregate cap?
CMS requires repayment of the amount by which Medicare payments exceeded the cap. The MAC issues a demand letter after the cap year is reconciled.
Is there also an inpatient cap?
Yes. Separately from the aggregate cap, CMS limits the proportion of hospice inpatient days (GIP + respite) to 20% of total hospice days for the year.
When is the cap year?
The hospice cap year runs from October 1 through September 30, aligned with the federal fiscal year.

Sources & further reading

  1. CMS Hospice Center
  2. 42 CFR §418.309 — Hospice aggregate cap

Educational content only. Not a substitute for your organization’s policies, your medical director’s clinical judgment, or current CMS guidance.

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